Mumbai held tearful memorials and police staged a show of strength on Thursday as India's financial hub marked the first anniversary of militant raids that killed 166 people and pushed up tensions with Pakistan.
Onlookers waved Indian flags and banners with slogans such as "End The Violence" as police commandos with new weapons and armoured cars tracked the route taken by the 10 gunmen who staged the attack.
The raids highlighted the lack of preparedness of India to attacks and showed how regional tension in South Asia could undermine stability in Asia's economic powerhouse.
Residents lit candles outside a Jewish centre, one of several sites from luxury hotels to the city's biggest railway station, targeted by the Pakistan-based militants in a three-day rampage.
At the Trident hotel, chefs and laundry boys gathered to remember the attacks. Outside, a black granite column read: "In memory of our guests and our staff". A wreath of white lilies lay next to a glass case with burning candles.
